11/12/2022 0 Comments Attention attention dvd![]() Within the context of machine translation, each word in an input sentence would be attributed its own query, key, and value vectors. Alignment scores: The alignment model takes the encoded hidden states, $\mathbf$$.Note that Bahdanau et al.’s attention mechanism is divided into the step-by-step computations of the alignment scores, the weights, and the context vector: This is thought to become especially problematic for long and/or complex sequences, where the dimensionality of their representation would be forced to be the same as for shorter or simpler sequences. (2014) to address the bottleneck problem that arises with the use of a fixed-length encoding vector, where the decoder would have limited access to the information provided by the input. The attention mechanism was introduced by Bahdanau et al. The General Attention Mechanism with NumPy and SciPy.This tutorial is divided into three parts they are: In the meantime, DVD sales continued to slip, falling more than 67% between 20.Photo by Nitish Meena, some rights reserved. Since 2011, platforms like Netflix, Hulu and HBO have seen sales balloon 1,231% to $12.9 billion. It's not worth buying the DVD to watch it. "Now, I've got HBO and going to be on HBO in a couple months. "The big fundamental shift here is that when you look at a film you want to watch, and maybe you missed it in theaters, 10 to 15 years ago, you can buy the DVD or rent from Blockbuster," Nash said. (Data on the subscription service model is only available starting in 2011.) Once they go digital, they don't go back to DVD."Īnd as customers were transitioning to digital, streaming services also arrived on the scene. "And when someone moves from physical market to digital market, they move across all platforms. "What we've seen is that the digital market is very different from physical market," Michael Smith, professor of information technology and marketing at Heinz College and Tepper School of Business, said. Many had adopted digital film purchases during the economic downturn because it was a cheaper option. For comparison, DVD prices were around $20 and Blu-Rays were closer to $25. #ATTENTION ATTENTION DVD MOVIE#The DVD sales decline was compounded in the years after the economy had recovered because of the rise of video on-demand - renting and buying movies through cable subscriptions - and digital downloads began to grow in popularity.Ĭonsumers could rent movies for as low as 99 cents and buy a movie outright for around $10. After hitting a high of $25.2 billion in 2005, by the end of 2008, total sales of DVDs, Blu-Rays, on-demand video and digital had fallen 28% to $17.9 billion. home video market also slumped during the same period. Bruce Nash, founder and president of Nash Information Services, said consumers ditched DVD spending as their disposable income shriveled, kicking off the demise of the DVD industry. From 2007 to 2008, DVD sales slumped 26%, falling to $11.6 billion from $15.7 billion. The real inflection point was the Great Recession. But, in 2007, DVD sales actually rose about half a percent. So after hitting a high of $16.3 billion in DVD sales in 2005, there was a 3% drop in 2006. However, once customers had bought the DVD versions of those library films, their DVD spending started to decrease. Between 20 customers had transitioned away from VHS and were buying up not only new films as they came out, but older films that were being released on DVD. Leading up to the economic downturn, there was a big boom in DVD sales. Disney , Peacock and HBO Max are all arriving within the next year. Instead, a combination of the Great Recession, a rise in customers buying on-demand and digital copies of films and the launch of streaming services is what has caused DVD sales to decline more than 86% in the last 13 years.Īnd that decline could get worse as more streaming services enter the market. It's likely that Blu-Ray sales fractionally impacted the decline of DVD sales, but the fact that DVD sales still outpace Blu-Ray sales shows it's not the real culprit. At most, Blu-Ray sales reached $2.37 billion in 2013, before falling to $1.8 billion in 2018. These days, DVD sales account for less than 10% of the total market, with total sales hitting $2.2 billion in 2018.īlu-Ray discs, which have always been slightly more expensive than DVDs, launched in 2006. At its peak, DVD sales reached $16.3 billion and were 64% of the U.S. ![]()
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11/12/2022 0 Comments Defcon 26 schedule![]() Putting this here for my IBM mainframe friend: “ Mainframe Reverse Engineering and Exploit Development” by Chad Rikansrud.Personally, I don’t need a stinking badge. Good post with links over at Borepatch’s site about the widely covered “voting machine vulnerabilities”.Īlso: badge related coverage if you care. More from Defiant, a company that was at DEFCON. In retrospect, that was better, because this story broke late in the afternoon: Caesars Palace security was (in the opinion of at least some DEFCON attendees) a little too aggressive about searching rooms. Then I got stuck in a gumption trap late in the day at work, and basically came home and collapsed. I intended to post this yesterday, but I wasn’t able to find many updates on my lunch hour. I apologize that I wasn’t able to post more coverage over the weekend: as I expected, it turned out to be fun, but packed. Posted in Bluetooth, Bookmarks, DEFCON, DEFCON 26, Radio | Comments Closed Content for “All your math are belong to us” with sghctoma is here: slides, white paper, and exploit code.Quote of the day: “Security solutions requiring significant behavioral changes are unlikely to be successful.” In which the authors analyze a bunch of skimmers confiscated by NYPD…and then build a device that can detect skimmers, based on nothing more than the physical properties of how card readers work. Also not a DEFCON presentation, but picked up by way of an Ars Technica story: “ Fear the Reaper: Characterization and Fast Detection of Card Skimmers” by Nolen Scaife, Christian Peeters, and Patrick Traynor.Slides for “Ring 0/-2 Rookits: Compromising Defenses” with Alexandre Borges are here. DEFCON 26 SCHEDULE BLUETOOTHThis isn’t an actual DEFCON 26 presentation, but it’s referenced in Vincent Tan’s “ Hacking BLE Bicycle Locks for Fun and a Small Profit”, and I want to bookmark it for later: “ Blue Picking: Hacking Bluetooth Smart Locks” by Slawomir Jasek.(The link on the Black Hat site is still borked.) Slides for “A Dive in to Hyper-V Architecture & Vulnerabilities” with Joe Bialek and Nicolas Joly can be found here. ![]() 11/12/2022 0 Comments Skysafari plus xti![]() #Skysafari plus xti upgradeNote that there is no discount upgrade path from SkySafari 7 Plus to SkySafari 7 Pro. If you are looking to dive deeper into astronomy, start your journey with the 1 recommend app for amateur astronomers since 2009. Again, maybe the android version is better, but Sky Safari Plus or Pro on iOS is a proper observing app and Stellarium is not. SkySafari 7 Plus goes beyond most basic stargazing apps by providing you with a full-featured space simulator with telescope control. It does have some nice features (such as the altitude graph of a given object - something Sky Safari has but poorly implements - and the planetary visibility list) and the UI is a lot cleaner than Sky Safari, but it's not even in the same league of application that Sky Safari is. It only tries to approximate this through the light pollution setting, but it's very rough and not anywhere near as accurate as Sky Safari's limiting magnitude feature No ability to directly customize limiting magnitude of DSOs or stars, which makes it impossible to match what you see in the app to what you see in the finder scope or eyepiece. It has the largest database of any astronomy app, includes every solar system object ever discovered, offers unparalleled accuracy, flawless telescope control, Augmented Reality (AR) mode, and provides the very best experience under the stars when you depend on it. No ability to define equipment or show multiple field of view circles at once SkySafari 7 Pro will revolutionize your astronomical viewing experience. With SkySafari, you can simulate the night sky from anywhere on Earth many years in the past or future Animate meteor showers, comet approaches, transits, conjunctions, and other celestial events. #Skysafari plus xti driversSince SkySafari currently does not support INDI mounts directly, a middleware drivers was develop to sit between SkySafari and INDI mount. Using either SkySafari Pro or Plus versions, you can control yours mounts. Note that there is no discount upgrade path from. SkySafari is an astronomy application for Mac, iOS, and Android. The free version lets you manage all of your data (equipment, observing lists etc.) and the paid / premium version (20/year) gives you an (almost) full fledged copy of the app, running in a browser. Maybe you're on Android and that version of the app is better, but the iOS version is missing critical features that I would expect from a $10 app: SkySafari 6 Plus goes beyond most basic astronomy star map apps by providing you with a full-featured space simulator and telescope control. It syncs with iOS/macOS/Android versions of SkySafari (v6 and up) as well as Windows/macOS versions of StarryNight (v8 and up). Well, your comment made me curious so I blew $9.99 on the Plus version of Stellarium for my iPhone, and it's a massive waste of money. ![]() 11/12/2022 0 Comments Tax brackets![]() The lower income earner will then pay taxes at a lower marginal tax rate. One way to maximize the benefits of the marginal tax rate is to income split with a spouse or family member who is in a lower income tax bracket. This is because calculating one’s tax rates is quite complex: marginal tax rates depend both on one’s tax bracket and the type of income earned.Īs a result, it is recommended that taxpayers use a tax calculator, which has all the formulas built in, rather than trying to calculate their tax obligation manually. How to Calculate Your Income TaxĪ tax calculator is often used to calculate one’s combined tax obligation. the top marginal tax rate for non-eligible dividends is 47.74 percent. the top marginal tax rate for eligible dividends is 39.34 percent andĭ. the top marginal tax rate for capital gains is 26.76 percent Ĭ. the top combined (federal and provincial) marginal tax rate in Ontario for individuals earning employment and self-employment income is 53.53 percent ī. In summary, different types of income are taxed at different marginal tax rates:Ī. Click to enlarge Top Marginal Tax Rates for Different Types of Income in Ontario Please refer to the chart below for the marginal tax rates for employment and self-employment income, capital gains, and dividend income. In order to calculate the tax on your income, the first step is to categorize the type of income. Passive income (rental income, rent, interest).There are generally six sources of income: It is also important to keep in mind that different types of income are subject to different marginal tax rates. In Ontario, the top marginal tax rate for combined federal and provincial employment and self-employment income is 53.53 percent.ĭifferent Types of Income are Taxed at Different Rates Tax brackets plus#5.05% on the first $45,142 of taxable income, plus.While each province has their own marginal tax rates, we will look at the marginal tax rates in the province of Ontario for purposes of illustration: 29% on the next $64,533 of taxable income (on the portion of taxable income over 151,978 up to $216,511), plus.26% on the next $53,939 of taxable income (on the portion of taxable income over $98,040 up to $151,978), plus.20.5% on the next $49,020 of taxable income (on the portion of taxable income over 49,020 up to $98,040), plus.15% on the first $49,020 of taxable income, plus.Here are the federal marginal tax rates for 2020: It is important to keep in mind that the marginal tax rates for employment and self-employment income combine federal and provincial marginal rates. A higher marginal tax rate applies to the higher income earner. a percentage of $90,000 is more than the same percentage of $18,000.ī. The more money you earn, the more tax you will pay for the reasons below:Ī. The more income you earn, the higher the rate of tax applied to that tax bracket.įor example, someone earning $18,000 per annum is taxed at a 25.10% marginal tax rate, while someone earning $90,000 is taxed at a 33.89% marginal tax rate. For example, the first $13,808 of income is taxed at a certain rate, the next $3000 or so of income is taxed at another rate, and so on and so forth, until you reach the highest tax bracket, which, in Ontario, is currently 53.53 percent. For each bracket of income, a different rate applies. A marginal tax rate applies to different brackets of income. ![]() |
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